Unknown to the Valar, though, Melkor secretly returned, and delved his first great fortress of Utumno in the mountains of the far distant north. This was the time known as the Spring of Arda. The Valar themselves dwelt in its central regions, on the green island of Almaren. From fear of Tulkas, Melkor had fled beyond the Walls of the World, and Middle-earth was a place of peace and beauty. The foundations of Middle-earth were laid by Aulë in times ancient beyond reckoning, and the Valar lit the new lands with two great Lamps, Illuin in the north and Ormal in the south. Little is known of the east or south of Middle-earth, or of the far north, but the geography and history of its Western lands are chronicled in great detail. The great continent on which much of the Silmarillion, and the adventures of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, are set. In the Beginning was the Word: How Medieval Text Became Fantasy Maps tracing the roots of Tolkien's mapping influences to medieval prefatory textual practices.The northwestwern parts of Middle-earth at the time of the War of the Ring.Map of Middle-earth, showing the movements of characters from both The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit film series by Peter Jackson.
"Celebrating Christopher Tolkien's Cartographic Legacy". ^ Carpenter 1981, #141 to Allen & Unwin, October 1953."Tolkien annotated map of Middle-earth acquired by Bodleian library". The earlier poster, signed "BRem" ( Barbara Remington), was published in 1965 by Ballantine Books and features border images adapted from Remington's cover designs for the 1965 Ballantine paperback edition of The Lord of the Rings. Jonathan Crowe, writing on TOR.com, describes Christopher Tolkien's cartography as hugely influential on fantasy literature, setting the norm for "epic fantasy novels" which "were supposed to come with maps". Neither of the maps cover the whole continent of Middle-earth instead they portray the north-western region at the end of the Third Age, where the story of The Lord of the Rings takes place. The task was delegated to his son Christopher. He was unable to find the time to bring them into a presentable state in time for the publication of The Lord of the Rings. Tolkien's own working maps, which he constantly annotated over the years, whether in English or in Elvish. All maps of Middle-earth derive ultimately from J.
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